Okokugcina sixoxe ngamaphampu kagesi kagesi (EVPs ngamafuphi).Njengoba singabona, kunezinzuzo eziningi zama-EVP.Ama-EVP aphinde abe nokubi okuningi, okuhlanganisa nomsindo.Endaweni yethafa, ngenxa yokucindezela komoya okuphansi, i-EVP ayikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezinga eliphakeme elifanayo le-vacuum njengasendaweni ethafeni, futhi usizo lwe-vacuum booster lumpofu, futhi amandla e-pedal azoba mkhulu.Kunamaphutha amabili abulala kakhulu.Esinye isikhathi sokuphila.Amanye ama-EVP ashibhile anesikhathi sokuphila esingaphansi kwamahora angu-1,000.Okunye ukumosha amandla.Sonke siyazi ukuthi uma imoto kagesi isogwini noma ibhuleka, amandla okushayisana angakwazi ukushayela injini ukuthi ijikeleze ukuze ikhiqize amandla.Lawa mazanyana angashaja ibhethri futhi agcine la mandla.Lokhu ukubhuleka kabusha amandla.Ungawabukeli phansi la mandla.Emjikelezweni we-NEDC wemoto ehlangene, uma amandla okubhuleka engatholakala ngokugcwele, angonga cishe u-17%.Ezimweni ezijwayelekile zasemadolobheni, isilinganiso samandla asetshenziswa imoto ebhuleka kuwo wonke amandla okushayela angafinyelela ku-50%.Kuyabonakala ukuthi uma izinga lokubuyisela amandla ebhuleki lingathuthukiswa, ibanga lokuhamba ngomkhumbi linganwetshwa kakhulu futhi umnotho wezimoto ungathuthukiswa.I-EVP ixhunywe ngokuhambisana nesistimu yokubhuleka, okusho ukuthi amandla okubhuleka avuselelwayo enjini abekwe ngaphezulu ngqo kumandla obhuleki ashayisanayo, futhi amandla okuqala okubhuleka amabhuleki awalungiswa.Izinga lokutholwa kwamandla liphansi, cishe kuphela ama-5% e-Bosch iBooster okukhulunywe ngayo kamuva.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunethezeka kwamabhuleki kubi, futhi ukuhlangana nokushintshwa kwe-motor regenerative braking kanye ne-friction braking kuzoveza ama-shock.
Isithombe esingenhla sibonisa uhlelo lwe-SCB
Noma kunjalo, i-EVP isasetshenziswa kabanzi, ngoba ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi kuphansi, futhi ikhono lokuklama i-chassis yasekhaya nalo libi kakhulu.Iningi lazo likopishiwe chassis.Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuklama chassis yezimoto zikagesi.
Uma i-EVP ingasetshenziswa, i-EHB (I-Electronic Hydraulic Brake Booster) iyadingeka.I-EHB ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili, enye ine-accumulator yokucindezela okukhulu, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi uhlobo olumanzi.Okunye ukuthi injini iphusha i-piston ye-master cylinder, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi uhlobo olomile.Izimoto zamandla amasha ayiHybrid ngokuyisisekelo zingezangaphambili, futhi ummeleli ojwayelekile walezi zakamuva yiBosch iBooster.
Ake siqale sibheke i-EHB ene-accumulator yamandla kagesi aphezulu, okuyinguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-ESP.I-ESP ingabuye ibhekwe njengohlobo lwe-EHB, i-ESP ingakwazi ukubhuleka.
Isithombe esingakwesokunxele wumdwebo wohlelo lwesondo le-ESP:
i-valve yokulawula i-N225
I-b--dynamic control valve high-pressure N227
c--ivalve yokufaka uwoyela
d--ivalve yokukhipha uwoyela
e--i-cylinder yebhuleki
f--buyisela iphampu
g--i-servo esebenzayo
i-h--low-pressure accumulator
Esigabeni sokuthuthukisa, injini kanye ne-accumulator zakha ingcindezi yangaphambili ukuze iphampu ebuyayo imunce uketshezi lwebhuleki.I-N225 ivaliwe, i-N227 iyavulwa, futhi i-valve yokufaka uwoyela ihlala ivulekile kuze kube yilapho isondo liboshiwe ukuze libe namandla okubhuleka adingekayo.
Ukwakheka kwe-EHB ngokuyisisekelo kuyafana nalokho kwe-ESP, ngaphandle kokuthi i-accumulator yokucindezela okuphansi ithathelwa indawo i-accumulator yomfutho ophezulu.I-accumulator yomfutho ophezulu ingakha ingcindezi kanye futhi iyisebenzise izikhathi eziningi, kuyilapho i-accumulator yokucindezela okuphansi ye-ESP ingakha ingcindezi kanye futhi ingasetshenziswa kanye kuphela.Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho isetshenziswa, ingxenye ewumgogodla ye-ESP kanye nengxenye enembe kakhulu yepompo ye-plunger kufanele imelane nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokucindezela okukhulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo nokuvamile kuzonciphisa ukuphila kwayo.Bese kuba nokucindezela okulinganiselwe kwe-accumulator yokucindezela okuphansi.Ngokuvamile, amandla amakhulu okubhuleka angaba ngu-0.5g.Amandla okubhuleka ajwayelekile angaphezulu kuka-0.8g, kanti u-0.5g ukude nokwanele.Ekuqaleni komklamo, isistimu yokubhuleka elawulwa yi-ESP yayisetshenziswa kuphela ezimeni ezimbalwa eziphuthumayo, hhayi izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 ngonyaka.Ngakho-ke, i-ESP ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengesistimu yokubhuleka evamile, futhi ingasetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela ezimweni ezisizayo noma eziphuthumayo.
Isithombe esingenhla sibonisa i-accumulator ye-high-pressure accumulator ye-Toyota EBC, ethi ayifane nesiphethu segesi.Inqubo yokukhiqiza yama-accumulators aphezulu yiphuzu elinzima.UBosch uqale wasebenzisa amabhola okugcina amandla.Umkhuba ufakazele ukuthi i-nitrogen-based high-pressure accumulators yizona ezifaneleka kakhulu.
I-Toyota yaba ngeyokuqala ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-EHB emotweni ekhiqizwe ngobuningi, okwakuyi-Prius yesizukulwane sokuqala (ipharamitha | isithombe) eyethulwa ekupheleni kuka-1997, futhi i-Toyota bayiqamba ngokuthi i-EBC.Mayelana nokuthola amandla amabhuleki, i-EHB ithuthuke kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa ne-EVP evamile, ngoba inqanyuliwe ukusuka ku-pedal futhi ingaba uhlelo lochungechunge.Injini ingasetshenziselwa ukubuyisela amandla kuqala, futhi ukubhuleka kwengezwa esigabeni sokugcina.
Ekupheleni kuka-2000, i-Bosch nayo yakhiqiza i-EHB yayo, eyasetshenziswa ku-Mercedes-Benz SL500.AbakwaMercedes-Benz bayiqambe ngokuthi yi-SBC.Isistimu ye-EHB ye-Mercedes-Benz ekuqaleni yayisetshenziswa ezimotweni zikaphethiloli, njengesistimu yokusiza.Isistimu yayiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi inamapayipi amaningi kakhulu, futhi i-Mercedes-Benz yakhumbula i-E-Class (imingcele | izithombe), i-SL-class (imingcele | izithombe) kanye ne-CLS-classes (amapharamitha | Isithombe) sedan, izindleko zokuyilungisa zinkulu kakhulu. phezulu, futhi kuthatha ngaphezu kuka-20,000 yuan ukufaka esikhundleni i-SBC.I-Mercedes-Benz yayeka ukusebenzisa i-SBC ngemva kuka-2008. I-Bosch yaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa lesi simiso futhi yashintshela kuma-accumulators ane-nitrogen ephezulu.Ngo-2008 yethula i-HAS-HEV, esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni eziyingxube e-Europe kanye ne-BYD yaseChina.
Kamuva, i-TRW iphinde yethula uhlelo lwe-EHB, i-TRW eyaluqamba ngokuthi i-SCB.Iningi lama-hybrids akwaFord namuhla ama-SCB.
Uhlelo lwe-EHB luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, i-accumulator ye-voltage ephezulu yesaba ukudlidliza, ukwethembeka akukho phezulu, ivolumu nayo inkulu, izindleko nazo ziphezulu, impilo yesevisi nayo iyabuzwa, futhi izindleko zokuyilungisa zinkulu.Ngo-2010, u-Hitachi wethula i-EHB yokuqala eyomile emhlabeni, okuyi-E-ACT, nayo eyi-EHB ethuthuke kakhulu njengamanje.izifo.Umjikelezo we-R&D we-E-ACT umude iminyaka eyi-7, ngemva cishe kweminyaka emi-5 yokuhlolwa kokwethembeka.Kwaze kwafika ngo-2013 lapho uBosch ethula i-iBooster yesizukulwane sokuqala, kanye ne-iBooster yesizukulwane sesibili ngo-2016. I-iBooster yesizukulwane sesibili yafinyelela izinga le-E-ACT ka-Hitachi, kanti amaJapane ayengaphambi kwesizukulwane saseJalimane emkhakheni we-E-ACT. EHB.
Isithombe esingenhla sibonisa ukwakheka kwe-E-ACT
I-EHB eyomile ishayela ngokuqondile i-push rod ngenjini bese iphusha ipiston yesilinda esiyinhloko.Amandla ajikelezayo enjini aguqulwa abe amandla okunyakaza amugqa ngokusebenzisa isikulufu serola (E-ACT).Ngasikhathi sinye, isikulufu sebhola siphinde sibe yisinciphisi, esinciphisa isivinini se-motor ukuze I-torque eyengeziwe iphushe i-master cylinder piston.Isimiso silula kakhulu.Isizathu esenza abantu bangaphambilini bangayisebenzisi le ndlela yingoba isistimu yokubhuleka yemoto inezidingo ezithembekile eziphakeme kakhulu, futhi ukuphindaphindeka okwanele kokusebenza kufanele kugcinwe.Ubunzima busemotweni, edinga usayizi omncane wenjini, isivinini esikhulu (okungaphezu kuka-10,000 revolutions ngomzuzu), i-torque enkulu, kanye nokushabalalisa kahle ukushisa.I-reducer nayo inzima futhi idinga ukunemba okuphezulu kwemishini.Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukwenza kahle kwesistimu nge-master cylinder hydraulic system.Ngakho-ke, i-EHB eyomile ibonakale sekwephuzile kakhulu.
Isithombe esingenhla sibonisa isakhiwo sangaphakathi se-iBooster yesizukulwane sokuqala.
Igiya lezikelemu lisetshenziselwa ukwehliswa kwezigaba ezimbili ukukhulisa itorque enyakazayo.UTesla usebenzisa i-iBooster yesizukulwane sokuqala ebhodini, kanye nazo zonke izimoto zakwaVolkswagen zamandla amasha kanye nePorsche 918 zisebenzisa i-iBooster yesizukulwane sokuqala, iCadillac CT6 kaGM kanye neChevrolet Bolt EV nazo zisebenzisa i-iBooster yesizukulwane sokuqala.Lo mklamo kuthiwa uguqula u-95% wamandla okubhuleka avuselelekayo abe ngugesi, okwenza ngcono kakhulu uhla lokuhamba lwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla.Isikhathi sokuphendula siphinde sibe sifushane ngo-75% kunesistimu ye-EHB emanzi ene-accumulator yomfutho ophezulu.
Isithombe esingakwesokudla ngenhla siyingxenye yethu# EHB-HBS001 Electric Hydraulic Brake Booster efanayo nesithombe esingakwesokunxele ngenhla.Umhlangano ongakwesokunxele yi-iBooster yesizukulwane sesibili, esebenzisa igiya lezibungu lesigaba sesibili kwisikulufu sebhola sesiteji sokuqala ukuze sinciphise, sinciphise kakhulu ivolumu futhi sithuthukise ukunemba kokulawula.Banemikhiqizo ewuchungechunge emine kanti usayizi we-booster usuka ku-4.5kN kuya ku-8kN, kanti u-8kN ungasetshenziswa emotweni encane yabagibeli enezihlalo ezingu-9.
I-IBC izokwethulwa endaweni yesikhulumi se-GM K2XX ngo-2018, okuwuchungechunge lwe-GM pickup.Qaphela ukuthi lena imoto yamafutha.Yebo, izimoto zikagesi nazo zingasetshenziswa.
Ukuklanywa nokulawulwa kwesistimu ye-hydraulic kuyinkimbinkimbi, kudinga ukuqongelelwa isikhathi eside kokuhlangenwe nakho kanye namakhono amahle kakhulu okwenza imishini, futhi bekulokhu kungenalutho kulo mkhakha e-China.Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ukwakhiwa kwesizinda sayo sezimboni bekunganakwa, futhi isimiso sokuboleka siye samukelwa ngokuphelele;ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokubhuleka lunezidingo ezithembeke kakhulu, izinkampani ezisafufusa azikwazi nhlobo ukuqashelwa ama-OEM.Ngakho-ke, ukuklama nokukhiqizwa kwengxenye ye-hydraulic ye-hydraulic brake system yemoto ilawulwa ngokuphelele yizinkampani ezihlangene noma izinkampani zangaphandle, futhi ukuze uklame futhi ukhiqize uhlelo lwe-EHB, kuyadingeka ukwenza i-docking kanye nomklamo jikelele nge ingxenye ye-hydraulic, eholela kulo lonke uhlelo lwe-EHB.I-monopoly ephelele yezinkampani zangaphandle.
Ngaphezu kwe-EHB, kunesistimu yokubhuleka esezingeni eliphezulu, i-EMB, ecishe iphelele ngokomqondo.Ilahla zonke izinhlelo zokusebenzisa amanzi futhi inezindleko eziphansi.Isikhathi sokuphendula sohlelo lwe-elekthronikhi singama-millisecond angama-90 kuphela, okushesha kakhulu kune-iBooster.Kodwa kukhona ukushiyeka okuningi.Ububi 1. Alukho uhlelo lokusekelayo, oludinga ukwethembeka okuphezulu kakhulu.Ikakhulukazi, uhlelo lwamandla kufanele luzinze ngokuphelele, lulandelwe ukubekezelelana kwamaphutha ohlelweni lokuxhumana kwamabhasi.Ukuxhumana kwe-serial kwe-node ngayinye ohlelweni kufanele kube nokubekezelela amaphutha.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo ludinga okungenani ama-CPU amabili ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka.Ububi 2. Amandla okubhuleka anganele.Isistimu ye-EMB kufanele ibe kuhabhu.Ubukhulu behabhu bunquma usayizi wemoto, okubuye kunqume ukuthi amandla emoto angeke abe makhulu kakhulu, kanti izimoto ezijwayelekile zidinga i-1-2KW yamandla okubhuleka, okwamanje okungenakwenzeka kumamotor amancane.Ukuze ufinyelele ukuphakama, i-voltage yokufaka kufanele ikhuliswe kakhulu, futhi noma kunjalo kunzima kakhulu.Ububi 3. Izinga lokushisa lendawo yokusebenza liphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliseduze namabhuleki liphakeme lifinyelela kumakhulu amadigri, futhi ubukhulu benjini bunquma ukuthi yimoto kazibuthe unomphela kuphela engasetshenziswa, futhi umazibuthe unomphela uzokhipha uzibuthe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. .Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinye izingxenye ze-semiconductor ze-EMB zidinga ukusebenza eduze kwamabhuleki.Azikho izingxenye ze-semiconductor ezingamelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kangaka, futhi ukulinganiselwa kwevolumu kwenza kube nzima ukwengeza isistimu yokupholisa.Ukungalungi 4. Kudingeka ukuthuthukisa uhlelo oluhambisanayo lwe-chassis, futhi kunzima ukulungisa umklamo, okuholela ezindlekweni zokuthuthukiswa eziphakeme kakhulu.
Inkinga yamandla okubhuleka anganele we-EMB ingase ingaxazululeki, ngenxa yokuthi uma uzibuthe uzibuthe unomphela unamandla, izinga lokushisa le-Curie liyancipha, futhi i-EMB ayikwazi ukweqa umkhawulo womzimba.Nokho, uma izidingo zamandla okubhuleka zincishiswa, i-EMB isengasebenza.Isistimu yokupaka ye-elekthronikhi yamanje i-EPB i-EMB braking.Bese kuba ne-EMB efakwe esondo langemuva engadingi amandla amakhulu okubhuleka, njenge-Audi R8 E-TRON.
Isondo langaphambili le-Audi R8 E-TRON liseyi-hydraulic design yendabuko, kanti isondo langemuva yi-EMB.
Isithombe esingenhla sibonisa uhlelo lwe-EMB lwe-R8 E-TRON.
Siyabona ukuthi ububanzi benjini bungase bulingane nomunwe omncane.Bonke abakhiqizi besistimu yamabhuleki abafana ne-NTN, i-Shuguang Industry, i-Brembo, i-NSK, i-Wanxiang, i-Wanan, i-Haldex, ne-Wabco basebenza kanzima ku-EMB.Vele, i-Bosch, i-Continental ne-ZF TRW ngeke isebenze futhi.Kodwa i-EMB ingase ingakwazi ukushintsha i-hydraulic braking system.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-16-2022